Atelectasis

What is Atelectasis?

Atelectasis is the collapse or partial collapse of the lung tissue, reducing the ability to exchange air and oxygen. It can be caused by blockages in the airways or pressure on the lung.

Causes of Atelectasis:

• Airway blockages: Mucus plugs, tumors, or foreign objects
• Surgical procedures: Postoperative complications, especially after chest or abdominal surgery
• Lung diseases: Pneumonia, COPD, or lung cancer
• Shallow breathing: Prolonged immobility or pain can reduce deep breathing and lung expansion

Common Signs and Symptoms:

• Shortness of breath
• Rapid breathing
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Cyanosis (bluish tint to skin or lips)
• Decreased breath sounds over the affected area

Popular Treatment Methods:

• Incentive spirometry: Encouraging deep breathing to expand the lungs
• Chest physiotherapy: To clear mucus and improve lung function
• Surgery: If caused by a tumor or foreign object
• Oxygen therapy: For those with low oxygen levels due to lung collapse

These conditions can range from manageable to life-threatening, and early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.